Saffron, is the most expensive spice in the world. Its Scientific name is “Crocus sativus”, and belongs to the family "Iridaceae".

It is also one of the oldest spices being cultivated since 1600 to 1700 BC.

It is a perennial herb growing 10-25 cm tall and, it blooms in autumn into purple-coloured flowers. The vivid red-coloured three filament ‘stigma’ of this flower is dried to make the spice ‘SAFFRON’.

The stigma of the Saffron flower contains three active ingredients i.e crocin, safranal, and picrocrocin that are responsible for the colour, aroma and flavour of the plant respectively. The quality and value of the crop relies on the depth of its colour. The major varieties of Saffron includes:

1. Kashmiri Mongra Saffron – The best Saffron in the world with a rich colour, aroma and flavour, also being very expensive.

2. Kashmiri Lacha Saffron – This variety is rich in texture and darkest of all varieties having dark crimson red threads and grows well in Kashmiri soils which are rarely found outside India.

3. Spanish Superior Saffron & Creme Saffron – These are the lower quality Saffron commonly cultivated in America and other countries, being less effective and expensive than the other varieties.

4. Aquila Saffron – The safranal and crocin content is high but threads are light red and short in length compared to mongra variety and hence the price is less than Mongra Saffron. It is exclusively cultivated in the Navelli valley and Sardinia regions of Italy and it is grown in bulk 1. with the largest production and export that covers the world market. This Saffron is majorly cultivated by Iran.

5. Persian Saffron (Also called the Iranian Saffron)

ABOUT SAFFRON

VARIETIES OF SAFFRON

MEDICINAL & HEALTH BENEFITS OF SAFFRON

1. Medicinal Use for its powerful Antioxidant Properties

Main components of Saffron are crocin, crocetin, safranal, and kaempferol which makes it a powerful antioxidant, helping to protect your cells against oxidative stress. These antioxidant properties helps in –

• reduce heart disease risk factors

• lower blood sugar levels.

• improve eyesight in adults with age-related macular degeneration (AMD)

2. Improving mood and treat depressive symptoms

Saffron medicinal benefits are used to treat symptoms of mild-to-moderate depression.

3. Have cancer-fighting properties

Due to its high antioxidant properties, Saffron may help kill cancer cells while leaving healthy cells unharmed.

4. Reducing PMS symptoms

Saffron may also act to reduce the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). By eating and smelling saffron helps in the treatment of PMS symptoms, such as headaches, cravings, pain, irritability and anxiety.

5. Promoting weight loss & reducing appetite

Regular use of Saffron helps in reducing your appetite, which In turn, may help you lose weight.

6. Preventing nervous system disorders

The antioxidants properties of saffron helps in protecting the body from disorders affecting the nervous system. Various studies has shown that saffron theoretically help with Alzheimer’s symptoms due to both its memory-enhancing properties and its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

7. Boosting mood

There are many scientific evidences that shows saffron helps to improve mood and useful in treatment for depression.

8. Promoting libido

Scientific studies has shown that Saffron may increase sex drive and sexual function in both males and females. Researchers have reviewed the effects of saffron on male infertility problems and noted that while it had a positive effect on erectile dysfunction and overall sex drive, it did not change the viability of the semen. The effects on women on increasing sex desire was also noted.

9. Other Potential Benefits of Saffron

• Help in preventing the development of resistance to the hormone insulin.

• Helps in curing respiratory problems such as cold, cough, asthma, long-standing bronchial inflammation and other lung diseases.

• Helps in managing rheumatism-a condition in which the joints get inflamed due to autoimmunity.

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